Gene Information
Gene NamePND
OrganismHomo sapiens (Human)
Gene Length151
Protein NamesNatriuretic peptides A (Atrial natriuretic factor prohormone) (proANF) (Atrial natriuretic peptide prohormone) (preproANP) (proANP) (Atriopeptigen) (Cardiodilatin) (CDD) (preproCDD-ANF) [Cleaved into: Long-acting natriuretic peptide (LANP) (Long-acting natriuretic hormone) (LANH) (Pro atrial natriuretic factor 1-30) (proANF 1-30) (Pro atrial natriuretic peptide 1-30) (proANP 1-30); Vessel dilator (VSDL) (Pro atrial natriuretic factor 31-67) (proANF 31-67) (Pro atrial natriuretic peptide 31-67) (proANP 31-67); Kaliuretic peptide (KP) (Pro atrial natriuretic factor 79-98) (proANF 79-98) (Pro atrial natriuretic peptide 79-98) (proANP 79-98); Urodilatin (URO) (CDD 95-126) (CDD-ANP (95-126)) (Pro atrial natriuretic peptide 95-126) (proANP 95-126); Auriculin-C (Atrial natriuretic factor 1-33) (ANF 1-33); Auriculin-D (Atrial natriuretic factor 3-33) (ANF 3-33); Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) (Alpha-atrial natriuretic peptide) (Alpha-hANP) (Atrial natriuretic factor) (ANF) (CDD-ANF) (CDD-ANP (99-126)) (Cardionatrin) (Pro atrial natriuretic factor 99-126) (proANF 99-126); Auriculin-B (Atrial natriuretic factor 8-33) (ANF 8-33); Auriculin-A; Atriopeptin-1 (Atriopeptin I); Atriopeptin-2 (Atriopeptin II); Atriopeptin-3 (Atriopeptin III)]
Target NameNA
Target TypeNA
Gene AgeNA
Evolutionary StageNA
AlphaFoldDBP01160
Gene CardNPPA
Uniprot IDP01160
PfamPF00212
In ASDno
Allosteric PredictionNA
Ortholog in AnimalsNA
OhnologsNA
ParalogsNA
TissueNA
Tissue Specificity[Urodilatin]: Detected in the kidney distal tubular cells (at protein level) (PubMed:9794555, PubMed:8384600). Present in urine (at protein level) (PubMed:2972874, PubMed:9794555, PubMed:8351194, PubMed:8779891). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:2972874, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8351194, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8384600, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8779891, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9794555}.;
[Atrial natriuretic peptide]: Detected in atrial and ventricular plasma samples, and in adipocytes (at protein level) (PubMed:22291141, PubMed:21672517). Detected in urine in one study (PubMed:8351194). However, was not detected in urine in another study (PubMed:7984506). In the brain, predominantly expressed in the gray matter with very weak expression in the white matter (at protein level) (PubMed:30534047). Localizes to astrocyte-like structures throughout the white matter, and in the cerebral vessels detected in the leptomeningeal and parenchymal vessels, and endothelium and smooth muscle layers (at protein level) (PubMed:30534047). Relatively low levels of expression in the kidneys compared to urodilatin (at protein level) (PubMed:9794555, PubMed:8384600). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:21672517, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22291141, ECO:0000269|PubMed:30534047, ECO:0000269|PubMed:7984506, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8351194, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8384600, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9794555}.
Pharmacological Animal ModelsNULL(Chimpanzee);NULL(Mouse);NULL(Rat);0.085714(Rabbit)
Gene Ontology
(biological process)
Gene Ontology
(cellular component)
Gene Ontology
(molecular function)
PDB 1ANP  (NMR  -  )  1YK0  (X-ray  2.40A  )  3N57  (X-ray  3.03A  )  7BRH  (X-ray  2.45A  )  7BRJ  (X-ray  2.70A  )  7BRK  (X-ray  2.85A  ) 
DBSNP rs5063  rs202102042 
Subcellular location [CC][Long-acting natriuretic peptide]: Secreted {ECO:0000269|PubMed:2532366, ECO:0000269|PubMed:7955907, ECO:0000269|PubMed:7984506, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8653797}. Note=Detected in blood. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:2532366, ECO:0000269|PubMed:7955907, ECO:0000269|PubMed:7984506, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8653797}.;
[Vessel dilator]: Secreted {ECO:0000269|PubMed:2532366, ECO:0000269|PubMed:7955907, ECO:0000269|PubMed:7984506, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8653797}. Note=Detected in blood. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:2532366, ECO:0000269|PubMed:7955907, ECO:0000269|PubMed:7984506, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8653797}.;
[Kaliuretic peptide]: Secreted {ECO:0000269|PubMed:7984506}. Note=Detected in blood. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:7984506}.;
[Urodilatin]: Secreted {ECO:0000269|PubMed:2972874, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8351194, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8779891, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8853410, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9794555, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9893117}. Note=Detected in urine (PubMed:2972874, PubMed:9794555, PubMed:8351194, PubMed:8779891). Not detected in blood (PubMed:8351194). Increased electrolytes, osmolality and intracellular cAMP levels increase peptide secretion/excretion (PubMed:9893117, PubMed:8853410, PubMed:8351194, PubMed:8779891). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:2972874, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8351194, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8779891, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8853410, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9794555, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9893117}.;
[Atrial natriuretic peptide]: Secreted {ECO:0000269|PubMed:15741263, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18835931, ECO:0000269|PubMed:2532366, ECO:0000269|PubMed:2972874, ECO:0000269|PubMed:7955907, ECO:0000269|PubMed:7984506, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8351194, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8653797, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8779891, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9893117}. Perikaryon {ECO:0000269|PubMed:30534047}. Cell projection {ECO:0000269|PubMed:30534047}. Note=Detected in blood (PubMed:8351194, PubMed:8779891, PubMed:7955907, PubMed:8653797, PubMed:15741263, PubMed:18835931, PubMed:2532366, PubMed:7984506). Detected in urine in one study (PubMed:8351194). However, in another study, was not detected in urine (PubMed:7984506). Detected in cytoplasmic bodies and neuronal processes of pyramidal neurons (layers II-VI) (PubMed:30534047). Increased secretion in response to the vasopressin AVP (By similarity). Likely to be secreted in response to an increase in atrial pressure or atrial stretch (PubMed:2532366). In kidney cells, secretion increases in response to activated guanylyl cyclases and increased intracellular cAMP levels (PubMed:9893117). Plasma levels increase 15 minutes after a high-salt meal, and decrease back to normal plasma levels 1 hr later (PubMed:8779891). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P01161, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15741263, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18835931, ECO:0000269|PubMed:2532366, ECO:0000269|PubMed:30534047, ECO:0000269|PubMed:7955907, ECO:0000269|PubMed:7984506, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8351194, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8653797, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8779891, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9893117}.;
[Atriopeptin-3]: Secreted {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P01161}. Note=Detected in blood. Slight increase in secretion in response to the vasopressin AVP. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P01161}.
Mouse PG classificationNA
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