Gene Information
Gene NameNLRP3
OrganismHomo sapiens (Human)
Gene Length1036
Protein NamesNACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (Angiotensin/vasopressin receptor AII/AVP-like) (Caterpiller protein 1.1) (CLR1.1) (Cold-induced autoinflammatory syndrome 1 protein) (Cryopyrin) (PYRIN-containing APAF1-like protein 1)
Target Namecaterpiller protein 1.1
Target TypeClinical trial target
Gene Age132 ( ENSG00000162711 )
Evolutionary StageOpisthokonta
AlphaFoldDBQ96P20
Gene CardNLRP3
Uniprot IDQ96P20
PfamPF14484; PF13516; PF05729; PF17776; PF17779; PF02758
In ASDno
Allosteric Predictionyes (0.701871862)
Ortholog in AnimalsAlpaca_ NLRP3 ( ortholog_one2one )
Dog_ NLRP3 ( ortholog_one2one )
GuineaPig_ NLRP3 ( ortholog_one2one )
Macaque_ NLRP3 ( ortholog_one2one )
Mouse_ Nlrp3 ( ortholog_one2one )
Pig_ NLRP3 ( ortholog_one2one )
Rat_ Nlrp3 ( ortholog_one2one )
Rabbit_ NLRP3 ( ortholog_one2one )
OhnologsNA
ParalogsNLRP9, NLRC5, NLRP14, NLRP7, NLRP4, CIITA, NOD1, NLRP8, NLRP10, NLRP5, NLRP6, NLRP11, NLRP2, PYDC2, NLRC3, NLRX1, NLRP12, NLRP13, NLRP1, NOD2
Tissuebone.marrow, whole.blood
Tissue SpecificityPredominantly expressed in macrophages (PubMed:33231615, PubMed:34133077). Also expressed in dendritic cells, B- and T-cells (at protein level) (PubMed:11786556) (PubMed:17164409). Expressed in LPS-treated granulocytes, but not in resting cells (at protein level) (PubMed:17164409). Expression in monocytes is very weak (at protein level) (PubMed:17164409). Expressed in stratified non-keratinizing squamous epithelium, including oral, esophageal and ectocervical mucosa and in the Hassall's corpuscles in the thymus. Also, detected in the stratified epithelium covering the bladder and ureter (transitional mucosa) (at protein level) (PubMed:17164409). Expressed in lung epithelial cells (at protein level) (PubMed:23229815). Expressed in chondrocytes (PubMed:12032915). Expressed at low levels in resting osteoblasts (PubMed:17907925). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11786556, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12032915, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17164409, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17907925, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23229815, ECO:0000269|PubMed:33231615, ECO:0000269|PubMed:34133077}.
Pharmacological Animal ModelsNA
Gene Ontology
(biological process)
Gene Ontology
(cellular component)
Gene Ontology
(molecular function)
PDB 2NAQ  (NMR  -  )  3QF2  (X-ray  1.70A  )  6NPY  (EM  3.80A  )  7ALV  (X-ray  2.83A  )  7PZC  (EM  3.90A  )  7PZD  (EM  3.60A  )  7VTP  (EM  3.23A  )  7ZGU  (EM  3.40A  ) 
DBSNP rs200154873  rs180177449  rs121908147  rs180177442  rs180177442  rs121908150  rs180177436  rs180177447  rs121908153  rs180177431  rs180177432  rs121908154  rs151344629  rs121908149  rs28937896  rs180177444  rs180177434  rs180177445  rs180177433  rs180177433  rs180177430  rs121908146  rs145268073  rs180177478  rs180177439  rs121908151  rs180177438  rs121908152  rs121908148  rs180177446  rs180177435  rs35829419  rs180177452  rs1553293095 
Subcellular location [CC]Cytoplasm, cytosol {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11786556, ECO:0000269|PubMed:14662828, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17164409}. Inflammasome {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11786556, ECO:0000269|PubMed:14662828, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17164409, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23871209, ECO:0000269|PubMed:25538194, ECO:0000269|PubMed:33231615}. Endoplasmic reticulum {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8R4B8}. Secreted {ECO:0000269|PubMed:24952504}. Nucleus {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8R4B8}. Note=In macrophages, under resting conditions, mainly located in the cytosol, on the endoplasmic reticulum. After stimulation with inducers of the NLRP3 inflammasome, mitochondria redistribute in the vicinity of the endoplasmic reticulum in the perinuclear region, which results in colocalization of NLRP3 on the endoplasmic reticulum and PYCARD on mitochondria, allowing the activation of inflammasome assembly. After the induction of pyroptosis, inflammasome specks are released into the extracellular space where they can further promote IL1B processing and where they can be engulfed by macrophages. Phagocytosis induces lysosomal damage and inflammasome activation in the recipient cells (PubMed:24952504). In the Th2 subset of CD4(+) helper T-cells, mainly located in the nucleus. Nuclear localization depends upon KPNA2. In the Th1 subset of CD4(+) helper T-cells, mainly cytoplasmic (By similarity). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8R4B8, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24952504}.;
Golgi apparatus membrane. Note=(Microbial infection) Upon HRSV infection, the protein is mainly located in lipid rafts in the Golgi membrane. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:23229815}.
Mouse PG classificationLPG
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