Gene Information
Gene NameINSR
OrganismHomo sapiens (Human)
Gene Length1382
Protein NamesInsulin receptor (IR) (EC 2.7.10.1) (CD antigen CD220) [Cleaved into: Insulin receptor subunit alpha; Insulin receptor subunit beta]
Target Nameinsulin receptor
Target TypeNA
Gene Age645 ( ENSG00000171105 )
Evolutionary StageEumetazoa
AlphaFoldDBP06213
Gene CardINSR
Uniprot IDP06213
PfamPF00757; PF17870; PF07714; PF01030
In ASDyes
Allosteric Predictionyes (1.872382414)
Ortholog in AnimalsAlpaca_ INSR ( ortholog_one2one )
Dog_ INSR ( ortholog_one2one )
GuineaPig_ INSR ( ortholog_one2one )
Macaque_ INSR ( ortholog_one2one )
Mouse_ Insr ( ortholog_one2one )
Pig_ INSR ( ortholog_one2one )
Rat_ Insr ( ortholog_one2one )
Rabbit_ INSR ( ortholog_one2one )
OhnologsINSRR, IGF1R
ParalogsEPHA7, NTRK1, EPHB3, ALK, FGFR3, EPHA2, LMTK2, EPHB1, EPHA3, PDGFRA, EGFR, CSF1R, ERBB3, KIT, NTRK3, DDR1, ERBB4, EPHA8, TEK, MUSK, MERTK, FGFR4, FLT3, EPHB6, FLT1, DDR2, EPHA6, NTRK2, IGF1R, INSRR, EPHB4, PDGFRB, ERBB2, KDR, EPHA5, FGFR2, TYRO3, MST1R, AXL, EPHB2, ROR1, ROR2, ROS1, EPHA10, EPHA4, RET, LTK, FLT4, TIE1, FGFR1, RYK, EPHA1, MET
TissueNA
Tissue SpecificityIsoform Long and isoform Short are predominantly expressed in tissue targets of insulin metabolic effects: liver, adipose tissue and skeletal muscle but are also expressed in the peripheral nerve, kidney, pulmonary alveoli, pancreatic acini, placenta vascular endothelium, fibroblasts, monocytes, granulocytes, erythrocytes and skin. Isoform Short is preferentially expressed in fetal cells such as fetal fibroblasts, muscle, liver and kidney. Found as a hybrid receptor with IGF1R in muscle, heart, kidney, adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, hepatoma, fibroblasts, spleen and placenta (at protein level). Overexpressed in several tumors, including breast, colon, lung, ovary, and thyroid carcinomas. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10207053, ECO:0000269|PubMed:2369896, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9202395, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9355755}.
Pharmacological Animal ModelsNULL(Chimpanzee);0.027573(Mouse);0.002581(Rat);NULL(Rabbit)
Gene Ontology
(biological process)
Gene Ontology
(cellular component)
Gene Ontology
(molecular function)
PDB 1GAG  (X-ray  2.70A  )  1I44  (X-ray  2.40A  )  1IR3  (X-ray  1.90A  )  1IRK  (X-ray  2.10A  )  1P14  (X-ray  1.90A  )  1RQQ  (X-ray  2.60A  )  2AUH  (X-ray  3.20A  )  2B4S  (X-ray  2.30A  )  2HR7  (X-ray  2.32A  )  2MFR  (NMR  -  )  2Z8C  (X-ray  3.25A  )  3BU3  (X-ray  1.65A  )  3BU5  (X-ray  2.10A  )  3BU6  (X-ray  1.95A  )  3EKK  (X-ray  2.10A  )  3EKN  (X-ray  2.20A  )  3ETA  (X-ray  2.60A  )  3W11  (X-ray  3.90A  )  3W12  (X-ray  4.30A  )  3W13  (X-ray  4.30A  )  4IBM  (X-ray  1.80A  )  4OGA  (X-ray  3.50A  )  4XLV  (X-ray  2.30A  )  4XSS  (X-ray  3.00A  )  4XST  (X-ray  3.00A  )  4ZXB  (X-ray  3.30A  )  5E1S  (X-ray  2.26A  )  5HHW  (X-ray  1.79A  )  5J3H  (X-ray  3.27A  )  5KQV  (X-ray  4.40A  )  5U1M  (X-ray  1.80A  )  6HN4  (EM  4.20A  )  6HN5  (EM  3.20A  )  6PXV  (EM  3.20A  )  6PXW  (EM  3.10A  )  6SOF  (EM  4.30A  )  6VEP  (X-ray  2.90A  )  6VEQ  (X-ray  3.25A  )  7BW7  (EM  4.10A  )  7BW8  (EM  3.80A  )  7BWA  (EM  4.90A  )  7KD6  (X-ray  2.60A  )  7MQO  (EM  3.40A  )  7MQR  (EM  4.10A  )  7MQS  (EM  4.40A  )  7PG0  (EM  7.60A  )  7PG2  (EM  6.70A  )  7PG3  (EM  7.30A  )  7PG4  (EM  9.10A  )  7QID  (EM  5.00A  )  7S0Q  (EM  3.70A  )  7S8V  (EM  3.73A  ) 
DBSNP rs7508518  rs121913143  rs121913152  rs1555689937  rs52836744  rs121913153  rs1347473020  rs121913159  rs938519025  rs1051692  rs749094324  rs121913145  rs781007453  rs121913141  rs1568470274  rs1329693158  rs764221583  rs267607184  rs121913142  rs121913158  rs1051691  rs121913160  rs121913136  rs1135401742  rs121913147  rs1135401737  rs55906835  rs121913138  rs35045353  rs2162771  rs1135401739  rs1135401738  rs182552223  rs887190835  rs1599881881  rs911929963  rs1799816  rs121913148  rs121913135  rs1135401741  rs1599874183  rs56395521  rs909008899  rs1229730671  rs111993466  rs121913139  rs121913154  rs121913157  rs121913150  rs121913156  rs1568426700  rs1295645322  rs52800171  rs121913140  rs55875349  rs13306449  rs52826008 
Subcellular location [CC]Cell membrane {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P15208};
Single-pass type I membrane protein {ECO:0000305}. Late endosome {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P15208}. Lysosome {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P15208}. Note=Binding of insulin to INSR induces internalization and lysosomal degradation of the receptor, a means for down-regulating this signaling pathway after stimulation. In the presence of SORL1, internalized INSR molecules are redirected back to the cell surface, thereby preventing their lysosomal catabolism and strengthening insulin signal reception. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P15208}.
Mouse PG classificationNA
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